Confocal microscopy is a powerful imaging technique used in biological and material science research. It is based on the principle of selectively illuminating a single plane or focal plane within a specimen, while blocking out-of-focus light through the use of a pinhole. This allows for high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging of samples with exceptional clarity and depth. Confocal microscopy is commonly used for studying the structure and dynamics of cells, tissues, and materials at the subcellular level. It is a valuable tool for investigating biological processes, such as cell division, migration, and interactions, as well as for studying the organization of tissues and the distribution of molecules within them.